What is the Saga pattern for distributed transactions across microservices?

Saga: Sequence of local transactions with compensating actions

class OrderSaga {
  async execute(order) {
    try {
      await inventoryService.reserve(order);
      await paymentService.charge(order);  // FAILS
      await shippingService.schedule(order);
    } catch (error) {
      // Compensate in reverse
      await paymentService.refund(order);
      await inventoryService.release(order);
      await orderService.cancel(order.id);
    }
  }
}

ApproachProsCons

Choreography (events)Simple, no central pointHard to track
Orchestration (central)Clear flow, monitoringSingle point of failure